Abstract:
The research and development of a wind/PV hybrid generating home system, aiming to provide a reliable and cost-effective power solution for remote areas. The system combines wind and solar energy to complement each other, ensuring a stable power supply. This article will elaborate on the background, theoretical basis, design methods, and MPPT control strategy of the hybrid energy storage system, with tables and figures to enhance readability.
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background and Significance
The development of renewable energy sources has become a global trend due to concerns about environmental pollution and energy security. Among them, wind and solar energy are the most promising due to their abundance and cleanliness. In remote areas where grid power is unavailable, wind/PV hybrid generating home systems provide an ideal solution.
Table 1: Advantages of Wind/PV Hybrid System
| Advantage | Description |
|---|---|
| Reliability | Combines two energy sources to ensure a stable power supply |
| Cost-effectiveness | Lower costs compared to standalone wind or PV systems |
| Environmental benefits | Reduces reliance on fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions |
1.2 Current Status and Development Trends
1.2.1 Domestic Development of Solar Home Power Systems
Solar home power systems have seen rapid development in China, with decreasing costs and increasing efficiency. These systems have brought significant economic and social benefits to remote areas.
1.2.2 Domestic Development of Small Wind Turbines
Small wind turbines are also widely used in China, particularly in Inner Mongolia, where the government provides subsidies to stimulate adoption.
1.2.3 Research and Application of Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
Research on wind/PV hybrid systems has gained momentum in recent years, with applications increasing annually by 30%. However, there is still room for improvement in system matching and control strategies.
1.2.4 Market Prospects for Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
The market for wind/PV hybrid systems is promising, driven by government policies and the need for reliable power in remote areas.
1.3 Main Research Content
The primary goal of this project is to develop a household wind/PV hybrid power system, with a focus on the development of a hybrid energy storage system and inverter.
Chapter 2: Theoretical Basis of Wind/PV Hybrid Home Power System
2.1 Composition and Working Principle
A wind/PV hybrid home power system consists of wind turbines, solar panels, a hybrid energy storage system, an inverter, and control circuitry. Wind and solar energy are converted into electrical energy, stored in batteries, and then inverted to AC power for household use.
2.2 Matching of Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
Matching involves selecting appropriate capacities for wind turbines, solar panels, and batteries to optimize system performance.
Table 2: Factors Affecting System Matching
| Factor | Description |
|---|---|
| Natural environment | Local wind and solar resources |
| Cost | Prices of wind turbines, solar panels, and batteries |
| Reliability | System uptime and maintenance requirements |
2.2.2 Structure of Wind/PV Hybrid System
The system structure includes wind turbines, solar panels, controllers, batteries, and an inverter.
2.2.3 Calculation of PV Array Electricity Generation
PV array electricity generation depends on sunlight intensity and temperature.
2.2.4 Calculation of Wind Turbine Electricity Generation
Wind turbine electricity generation is determined by average wind speed and turbine output characteristics. The most commonly used formula is:
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Where v is the wind speed at the target height, v0 is the wind speed at the reference height, z is the target height, z0 is the reference height, and a is the roughness factor (typically 1/7 for open land).
2.2.5 Battery Charging and Discharging Characteristics
Battery state at time t depends on the previous state and energy supply and demand from t−1 to t.
2.3 Engineering Design Method for Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
2.3.1 On-site Investigation
On-site investigation is crucial for designing a reliable and cost-effective system. Key considerations include system simplicity, component efficiency, load estimation, and local climate conditions.
2.3.2 Load Consumption Calculation
Accurate load consumption calculation ensures that the system can meet user needs.
2.3.3 Battery Capacity Design
Battery capacity must be sufficient to store energy generated during peak production times and provide power during low production times.
2.3.4 Determination of Wind and PV Power
System design involves selecting appropriate capacities for wind turbines and solar panels. This can be done using tables or optimization software.
Table 3: Example of System Optimization
| Wind Turbine Capacity | PV Capacity | Battery Capacity | Total Cost | Reliability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 kW | 2 kW | 10 kWh | $X | High |
| 1.5 kW | 1.5 kW | 12 kWh | $X+Y | Medium |
| … | … | … | … | … |
2.4 MPPT Control Strategy for Household Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
2.4.1 Fundamentals of MPPT
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) aims to maximize energy output from wind turbines and solar panels under varying conditions. MPPT techniques include Constant Voltage Tracking (CVT), Perturb and Observe (P&O), and Conductance Increment (Inc-Cond).
2.4.2 MPPT in Wind/PV Hybrid Systems
In hybrid systems, MPPT can be implemented separately for wind and PV, but this increases costs. A more economical approach is to use a single MPPT controller for both sources.
This controller uses a fuzzy logic-based adaptive control method to find the overall maximum power point for wind and PV combined.
2.4.3 Unique MPPT Control Scheme
The proposed MPPT control scheme uses a DC/DC converter and a BUCK circuit to control charging and discharging of batteries, with the MPPT controller adjusting the operating point to maximize total power output.
Chapter 3: System Design and Implementation
This chapter describes the design and implementation of the wind/PV hybrid home power system, including component selection, system integration, and testing.
3.1 System Components
Key components include wind turbines, solar panels, batteries, an inverter, and MPPT controller.
3.2 System Integration
System integration involves connecting all components and ensuring they operate seamlessly together. The main circuit structure.
3.3 Testing and Validation
Testing involves measuring system performance under various conditions to ensure it meets design requirements.
Conclusion
The research and development of a wind/PV hybrid generating home system. The system combines wind and solar energy to provide a reliable and cost-effective power solution for remote areas. The use of MPPT control strategies and a hybrid energy storage system optimizes energy output and storage, ensuring a stable power supply. Future work includes further optimization of system matching and control strategies to improve efficiency and reliability.