Currently, the energy storage market is fully exploding, and a large number of industrial and commercial enterprises have recognized the value and necessity of energy storage, and have chosen to allocate energy storage for enterprises. However, the implementation of industrial and commercial energy storage projects involves issues such as rationality, economy, and safety. Therefore, it is crucial to fully understand the energy storage system and its design and construction process. This article continues to summarize common problems in the construction and operation of industrial and commercial energy storage, hoping to provide reference and inspiration for everyone.
What are the investment models for industrial and commercial energy storage power stations?
At present, there are three main construction models for industrial and commercial energy storage: self investment by owners, energy contract management, and financing leasing.
(1) The owner self investment model, which means that enterprise owners invest in the construction of industrial and commercial energy storage power stations themselves, generally obtains profits through peak valley arbitrage mode, with the fastest payback cycle, and is suitable for enterprises with sufficient funds.
(2) The Energy Contract Management Model (EMC), in simple terms, refers to the investment, construction, and operation by a third party. The enterprise only needs to provide a site for the construction of the energy storage system, and the profits obtained are shared between the investor and the enterprise according to the contract agreement.
(3) The financing leasing model involves companies introducing financing companies as investors in energy storage power stations. During the lease term, the ownership of the energy storage power station belongs to the financing leasing party, and the owner generally repays the rent through peak valley arbitrage and other profits. After the lease term expires, the owner can obtain ownership and enjoy all the benefits.
What is the application value of industrial and commercial energy storage systems?
(1) Peak shaving and valley filling: By utilizing the difference in peak and valley electricity prices, charging during peak and flat periods, discharging during peak and peak periods, and reducing the electricity costs of enterprises.
(2) Balancing demand electricity bills: Energy storage systems can perform peak shaving and valley filling, eliminate peak loads, smooth electricity consumption curves, and reduce demand electricity bills.
(3) Dynamic capacity expansion: The user’s transformer capacity is fixed. Generally, when the user needs the transformer to operate at an overload during a certain period of time, transformer capacity expansion is required. After installing a matching energy storage system, the transformer load can be reduced during this period through energy storage discharge, thereby reducing the cost of transformer capacity expansion and renovation.
(4) New energy consumption: To achieve maximum consumption of local new energy generation and maximize profits.
(5) Improving power quality: Energy storage systems can improve three-phase imbalance and related power quality issues.
(6) Improving power supply reliability: The supporting energy storage system can ensure that it is not affected during power and production restrictions, and ensure the normal operation of critical loads.
(7) Demand side response: After installing the energy storage system, if the power grid issues a demand response, the owner can participate in demand side response transactions through the energy storage system and receive additional compensation fees.
Can peak valley arbitrage and capacity management be achieved simultaneously, and can maximum demand be set?
Capacity management and maximum demand control correspond to the basic electricity billing rules of the owner. The basic electricity bill for users is charged based on the capacity of the transformer, which corresponds to the capacity management function; The basic electricity bill is charged based on the maximum demand of the transformer, which is matched with the maximum demand control function. The specific functional implementation mechanism is as follows:
Capacity management requires setting the maximum power consumption based on the transformer capacity, and the total charging power under peak valley arbitrage mode of the energy storage system and the owner’s load power should not exceed the maximum limit. EMS dynamically adjusts the energy storage charging power to achieve this. Therefore, peak valley arbitrage and capacity management functions are not conflicting and can be achieved simultaneously.
The maximum demand control is based on the electricity consumption data and production situation provided by the owner. The maximum demand control value is set, and the EMS dynamically adjusts the energy storage charging and discharging power to reduce the owner’s maximum demand or achieve peak valley arbitrage of the energy storage system without generating additional maximum demand electricity fees for the owner.
Will the energy storage system generate losses and what is its operational efficiency?
In addition to battery charging and discharging, the internal fire monitoring, air conditioning, and temperature control systems of the energy storage system require external power supply, which will cause partial energy loss. Therefore, the loss needs to be taken into account and deducted when calculating the revenue sharing.
According to the comprehensive efficiency calculation of annual operation under standard operating conditions, the average operating efficiency of the Hongzheng Energy Storage Standard Air Cooling Integrated Cabinet in the first year is over 88% (including self consumption); The average operating efficiency of the standard liquid cooling integrated cabinet system in the first year is over 89% (including self consumption).
Can the charging and discharging data of energy storage power stations be exported?
The charging and discharging data of energy storage power stations can be exported through the EMS cloud platform in two situations:
(1) Directly export PCS metering data, which can reflect PCS charging and discharging capacity, including daily charging and discharging capacity and monthly total charging and discharging capacity, but this data is not recommended as a standard for customer settlement of electricity bills.
(2) The customer has installed a metering meter and the metering meter has communicated with EMS. The metering meter has a time-sharing measurement function, and the energy storage cabinet charging and discharging amount can be exported through the EMS cloud platform account, including daily charging and discharging amount and monthly total charging and discharging amount.
Will the construction of a new energy storage power station, as the company already has a third-party photovoltaic power station, affect photovoltaic revenue?
The impact of building a new industrial and commercial energy storage system on the revenue of existing photovoltaics mainly depends on the consumption status of photovoltaics. Specifically:
(1) If a company still has a large demand for electricity after consuming photovoltaic power during the day, the energy storage system as supplementary electricity has no impact on photovoltaic revenue.
(2) If there is still a large amount of surplus photovoltaic power after daytime consumption by the enterprise, and the enterprise no longer has any additional electricity demand, the energy storage system will face a situation of no additional consumption space, which will not bring additional benefits to the photovoltaic system.
(3) If after daytime consumption by the enterprise, there is only a small amount of surplus electricity left in the photovoltaic system, mainly concentrated in the noon period, then the energy storage system may have the ability to absorb this surplus electricity. At this point, it is necessary to consider the specific situation of the project in combination with comprehensive benefits. If necessary, negotiations should be conducted among the electricity consuming enterprise, photovoltaic property rights party, and energy storage construction party to seek the best solution.
Conclusion
Industrial and commercial energy storage has the characteristics of large differences in project requirements, complex application environments, and diversified profit models. Moreover, the installation, commissioning, and operation of projects need to be carried out within enterprises and parks, so the project requires high professionalism. In the construction process of energy storage systems, it is necessary to closely combine the actual project situation and carry out scientific and reasonable planning and design to ensure the smooth implementation and efficient operation of the project.