New energy storage is an important support for building a new type of power system and achieving the “dual carbon” goal. Its application value in different scenarios of the power system is diverse, and it is a high-quality flexible regulation resource and potential active support resource. It is of great significance for promoting new energy consumption, ensuring power supply, and improving grid security. It is expected that by the end of 2025, the installed capacity of new energy storage in China’s power system will exceed 30 million kilowatts. Among them, lithium-ion batteries, represented by lithium iron phosphate batteries, have become one of the preferred storage carriers for large-scale energy storage due to their high energy density and long lifespan. In recent years, lithium-ion battery energy storage has continued to improve in key technological fields, and the technical standard system and application management system for power system applications are becoming increasingly perfect. Problems in controllable and safe applications are also gradually improving, becoming the fastest developing and most promising energy storage technology in the “dual carbon” process. Although other new energy storage technologies represented by flywheel energy storage and compressed air energy storage have relative advantages in some indicators, there is still a significant gap in comprehensive technical and economic indicators from the actual application needs of the power system. The corresponding technical standard system and application management system are not yet perfect, and their grid connection performance, grid adaptability, and other practical application effects still need further verification and evaluation.
At present, lithium-ion battery energy storage has preliminarily met the conditions for large-scale application, and the construction scale of energy storage stations is becoming larger and larger. From the initial ten megawatt level to the current hundred megawatt level, there will also be mega scale energy storage stations in the future, with the number of energy storage batteries and their management systems being used in a geometric increase. This poses a great challenge to the effective management and control of safety risks in energy storage stations, Once a safety accident occurs, not only will the economic losses be huge, but the social impact will be even greater. In recent years, more than 40 fire accidents in energy storage power stations have been publicly reported both domestically and internationally, indicating that the large-scale centralized use of lithium-ion batteries to build energy storage power stations is still a new phenomenon. The safety control of battery energy storage power stations has unique and complex characteristics that are different from other industry fields, and it is a special field that relies on closed-loop management throughout the entire industry chain. Especially after the “4.16” energy storage power plant accident in Beijing, the competent department of the National Energy Administration issued a series of standardized management documents for electrochemical energy storage, such as the “2023 Energy Supervision Key Work” issued on January 4, 2023, which clearly included the quality inspection of energy storage power plants in the scope of quality supervision work. The “Special Investigation and Rectification of Major Accident Hazards in National Electric Power Safety Production” issued on May 8, 2023 clearly proposes the implementation of important document requirements such as the “Notice of the Comprehensive Department of the National Energy Administration on Strengthening the Safety Management of Electrochemical Energy Storage Power Stations”, further emphasizing the importance of quality management and safety monitoring of energy storage power stations.
The safety of energy storage power stations involves multiple aspects such as the design and manufacturing of energy storage batteries and systems, battery management, safety warning and firefighting, and operation management. Among them, the quality of energy storage battery systems is the key and core, and their quality is directly related to the overall safety of the station. However, the battery energy storage system, as a complete electrical equipment product, is currently immature and has a low level of standardization. At the same time, the construction process of energy storage power stations is extensive, and the safety and quality control measures throughout the entire process are not in place. In actual operation, there are problems such as poor reliability of energy storage equipment causing “not easy to use”, functional performance not meeting design goals causing “not usable”, and large safety hazards causing “not daring to use”, The overall safety and quality status of energy storage power stations are uncertain, leading to low utilization rates of a large number of existing energy storage power stations. Due to the immaturity and continuous iterative development process of the entire equipment product, it is particularly important to conduct comprehensive performance evaluation around the core component of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage, in order to improve the application level of lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations at present, guided by safe and high-quality applications. This article mainly reviews the latest progress in the standards related to energy storage lithium-ion batteries, analyzes the core standards for lithium-ion battery energy storage, and provides a detailed introduction to the overall solution for the detection and evaluation of the entire process of lithium-ion battery energy storage.
1.The latest progress in standards related to energy storage lithium-ion batteries
In 2013, China began the preparation of standards related to electric energy storage. Currently, a series of national (industry) standards have been issued and implemented for the main equipment and system integration of lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations [19-20], which specify the technical and inspection requirements for quality and safety, and can basically meet the current quality control needs of energy storage equipment. Mainly including “Basic Terminology of Electric Energy Storage” (DL/T 2528), “Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 36276), “Battery Management System for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T34131), “Technical Specification for Energy Storage Converters in Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems” (GB/T 34120), “Technical Specification for Testing Energy Storage Converters” (GB/T 34133), etc, The “Basic Terminology of Electric Energy Storage” (DL/T 2528), as the most suitable terminology for domestic energy storage applications, clarifies the definitions of many key terms in practical applications, such as the rated power, rated energy, and safety performance of energy storage, which refer to the guaranteed values that must be met throughout the entire life cycle, providing a basis for the update of energy storage equipment and experimental standards. Based on the rapid development and maturity of energy storage technology and the market, the corresponding energy storage battery system as the standard for the overall product is also being supplemented and improved simultaneously. System level product standards represented by the national standard “Technical Specification for Prefabricated Lithium Ion Battery Energy Storage System” are currently being prepared. The new progress of lithium-ion battery energy storage standards is shown in Table 1.
| Serial number | Standard name | Standard type | Standard No | State |
| 1 | Basic terms of electric energy storage | Industry standard | DL/T 2528-2022 | Published |
| 2 | Lithium ion battery for electric energy storage | China National standards | GB/T 36276 | Revised and submitted for approval |
| 3 | Battery management system for electric energy storage | China National standards | GB/T 34131-2023 | Published |
| 4 | Technical specification for energy storage converter of electrochemical energy storage system | China National standards | GB/T 34120 | Under revision |
| 5 | Technical specification for testing of energy storage converter | China National standards | GB/T 34133 | Under revision |
| 6 | Technical regulations for connecting electrochemical energy storage power station to power grid | China National standards | GB/T 36547 | Under revision |
| 7 | Test code for connecting electrochemical energy storage power station to power grid | China National standards | GB/T 36548 | Under revision |
| 8 | Technical specification for prefabricated compartment type lithium ion battery energy storage system | China National standards | …… | In preparation |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
From the perspective of the hierarchical structure of battery energy storage, battery cells are connected in series and parallel to form battery modules, battery modules are connected in series and parallel to form battery clusters, battery clusters are connected in parallel to form battery energy storage systems, and battery energy storage systems are connected in parallel to form battery energy storage power stations. Each level plays a different role and role, and strict inspections are carried out layer by layer to ensure that the working parameters and performance indicators of the battery are correctly and logically transmitted step by step. It is an organic whole and indispensable, It is the key to ensuring that the battery energy storage system meets relevant standards and fundamentally improves the overall quality and safety of battery energy storage power stations. At present, the quality inspection of energy storage battery systems mainly revolves around the core components of the system, such as battery cells, battery modules, battery clusters, energy storage converters, and battery management systems. Based on relevant standards, the boundaries and operating parameters that can reflect the quality and safety of the battery system are determined from the root. After the completion of system level product standards, From the perspective of overall system inspection, confirm the effectiveness of achieving efficient and controllable safety applications of batteries through system design and integration, and achieve a full chain closed-loop inspection of energy storage core equipment and system quality and safety.
2.Analysis of Core Standards for Lithium Ion Battery Energy Storage
As the core component of battery energy storage systems, battery performance level is the cornerstone of the overall quality and safety of battery energy storage power stations. The national standard “Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 36276-2018), released in June 2018, has distinct energy storage application characteristics compared to other industry standards such as power batteries. It clarifies the technical requirements for the comprehensive performance of lithium-ion batteries from the perspective of practical application requirements for electric energy storage, and plays a key role in ensuring the quality and safety of battery energy storage applications. With the rapid development of the lithium-ion battery energy storage market, the technological level and application requirements have been iteratively updated. This standard was revised in early 2022, further proposing technical requirements for energy storage batteries that match the actual operating conditions of power energy storage. This is of great significance for improving the standardization and standardization level of battery energy storage equipment before operation, improving the reliability of energy storage power station operation, and reducing safety risks of energy storage power stations.
2.1 Standard content
The “Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 36276) decomposes the overall quality and safety requirements of power equipment in the power system into the core component of energy storage batteries, focusing on the key working parameters and performance level by level transmission and correct logical relationships from battery cells, battery modules to battery clusters. It puts forward clear requirements for all levels of batteries.
In terms of electrical performance, the requirements for the initial charging and discharging performance of battery cells, battery modules, and battery clusters, as well as the power characteristics, rate charging and discharging performance, energy retention and recovery ability of battery cells and battery modules, are stipulated to ensure the overall performance of battery energy storage power stations from the root; In terms of environmental adaptability, the requirements for high-temperature and low-temperature adaptability of battery cells and battery modules are specified, as well as the initial charging and discharging performance requirements of battery cells at high altitudes, to ensure the adaptability of batteries under different environmental conditions; In terms of durability, the storage performance and cycling performance requirements of battery cells and battery modules are specified. In order to ensure that the battery can meet the cycling performance indicators throughout its entire life cycle, the cycling performance technical requirements and test methods related to rated power, rated energy, and cycling times are proposed for the first time. In terms of safety performance, the requirements for electrical safety performance, mechanical safety performance, environmental safety performance, thermal safety performance, and safety protection function of lithium-ion batteries used for power energy storage are specified, ensuring the overall quality and safety of battery energy storage power stations from the root. To verify the consistency between the key performance of the final product used in the project and the corresponding type inspection product, and to ensure the realization of various functions and performance indicators of the battery energy storage system, sampling inspection rules are specified.
2.2 Standard function
This standard provides a unified standardized tool for battery quality control in engineering applications, solving several major problems and pain points faced by energy storage batteries as a new power system component in the early stages of application.
(1) Solved the problem of disconnection between battery specification labeling and calibration testing conditions and practical applications. This standard labels battery technical specifications based on the actual operating energy (W/Wh) of the power system, changing the traditional current/capacity (A/Ah) labeling method, and unifying the rules for battery coding. It specifies that lithium-ion batteries used for power energy storage need to indicate the most critical specification parameter information such as nominal voltage, rated charging and discharging power, and rated charging and discharging energy. At the same time, this standard calibrates key electrical performance indicators such as energy, efficiency, and lifespan based on actual operating rated power conditions, and uses this as the basic prerequisite for safety performance evaluation, avoiding any disconnection between technical standard requirements and testing evaluation conditions and actual application conditions.
(2) Solved the problem of unclear setting of key working parameters. This standard specifies that the limit values for key operating parameters such as voltage, temperature, and current during actual battery operation should be consistent with the set values for type tests, and should be unique to avoid inconsistency between the actual supplied products and the operating conditions and performance of the tested products. It ensures that the working parameters and performance of the battery are transmitted step by step in different levels of the battery cell, battery module, and battery cluster, and comply with the correct logical relationship, The principles for setting battery parameters are shown in Table 2.
| Battery level | Working parameter type | Requirements for working parameters |
| Battery cell | / | Consistent with the specification parameter table of battery unit |
| Battery cell | Voltage limit | Level 1 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 2 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 3 alarm value of charging voltage>charging cut-off voltage |
| Battery cell | Voltage limit | Discharge voltage level 1 alarm value<discharge voltage level 2 alarm value<discharge voltage level 3 alarm value<discharge cut-off voltage |
| Battery cell | Temperature limit | High temperature level 1 alarm temperature>high temperature level 2 alarm temperature>high temperature level 3 alarm temperature>high temperature cut-off temperature |
| Battery cell | Temperature limit | Low temperature level 1 alarm temperature ＜ low temperature level 2 alarm temperature ＜ low temperature level 3 alarm temperature ＜ low temperature cut-off temperature |
| Battery module | / | Consistent with battery module specification parameter table |
| Battery module | Rated charge discharge power | ≤ rated charging and discharging power in the battery single type inspection report × Number of battery cells in battery module |
| Battery module | Rated charge discharge energy | ≤ rated charging and discharging energy in the battery single type inspection report × Number of battery cells in battery module |
| Battery module | Voltage limits | Charging voltage limit ＜ battery cell charging voltage limit × Number of battery cells in series in battery module |
| Battery module | Voltage limits | Discharge voltage limit ＞ battery cell discharge voltage limit × Number of battery cells in series in battery module |
| Battery module | Voltage limits | Level 1 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 2 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 3 alarm value of charging voltage>charging cut-off voltage |
| Battery module | Voltage limits | Discharge voltage level 1 alarm value<discharge voltage level 2 alarm value<discharge voltage level 3 alarm value<discharge cut-off voltage |
| Battery module | Working parameters of battery cell | Consistent with the specification parameter table of battery unit |
| Battery cluster | / | Consistent with the battery cluster specification parameter table |
| Battery cluster | Rated charge discharge power | ≤ rated charge discharge power in battery module type inspection report × Number of battery modules in battery cluster |
| Battery cluster | Rated charge discharge energy | ≤ rated charging and discharging energy in battery module type inspection report × Number of battery modules in battery cluster |
| Battery cluster | Voltage limits | Charging voltage limit ＜ battery module charging voltage limit × Number of battery modules in series in the battery cluster |
| Battery cluster | Voltage limits | Discharge voltage limit ＞ battery module discharge voltage limit × Number of battery modules in series in the battery cluster |
| Battery cluster | Voltage limits | Level 1 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 2 alarm value of charging voltage>Level 3 alarm value of charging voltage>charging cut-off voltage |
| Battery cluster | Voltage limits | Discharge voltage level 1 alarm value<discharge voltage level 2 alarm value<discharge voltage level 3 alarm value<discharge cut-off voltage |
| Battery cluster | Current limit | Charging current level 1 alarm value ＞ charging current level 2 alarm value ＞ charging current level 3 alarm value ＞ charging current cut-off value |
| Battery cluster | Current limit | Discharge current level 1 alarm value>discharge current level 2 alarm value>discharge current level 3 alarm value>discharge current cut-off value |
| Battery cluster | Battery module voltage range limit | Level 1 alarm value of voltage range of battery cluster charging battery module ＞ Level 2 alarm value of voltage range of battery cluster charging battery module ＞ Level 3 alarm value of voltage range of battery cluster charging battery module ＞ cut off value of voltage range of battery cluster charging battery module |
| Battery cluster | Battery module voltage range limit | Battery cluster discharge battery module voltage range first level alarm value>battery cluster discharge battery module voltage range second level alarm value>battery cluster discharge battery module voltage range third level alarm value>battery cluster discharge battery module voltage range cut-off value |
| Battery cluster | Battery cell voltage range limit | Level 1 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell voltage range ＞ Level 2 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell voltage range ＞ Level 3 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell voltage range ＞ cut-off value of battery cluster charging battery cell voltage range |
| Battery cluster | Battery cell voltage range limit | Level 1 alarm value of battery cell voltage range for battery cluster discharge ＞ Level 2 alarm value of battery cell voltage range for battery cluster discharge ＞ Level 3 alarm value of battery cell voltage range for battery cluster discharge ＞ cut-off value of battery cell voltage range for battery cluster discharge |
| Battery cluster | Battery cell temperature range limit | Level 1 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell temperature range ＞ Level 2 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell temperature range ＞ Level 3 alarm value of battery cluster charging battery cell temperature range ＞ cut-off value of battery cluster charging battery cell temperature range |
| Battery cluster | Battery cell temperature range limit | Level 1 alarm value of battery cluster discharge battery cell temperature range ＞ Level 2 alarm value of battery cluster discharge battery cell temperature range ＞ Level 3 alarm value of battery cluster discharge battery cell temperature range ＞ cut-off value of battery cluster discharge battery cell temperature range |
| Battery cluster | Insulation resistance limit | Insulation resistance of battery cluster level 1 alarm<insulation resistance of battery cluster level 3 alarm |
| Battery cluster | Operating parameters of battery module | Consistent with battery module specification parameter table |
| Battery cluster | Working parameters of battery cell | Consistent with the specification parameter table of battery unit |
(3) Solved the problem of unified evaluation of cycle life. According to the most rigorous evaluation of full discharge conditions, the rated power, rated energy, and nominal number of cycles are associated for the first time, which can be compatible with the life expectancy of shallow charging and discharging conditions. The cycle performance requirements of battery cells and battery module levels are used as the unified evaluation criteria for battery life, meeting the expectations for system life and to some extent constraining the current problem of blindly claiming the number of cycles. At the same time, the requirements for thermal runaway performance of battery cells after cycling have been added, and the enhancement of safety performance refers to the guarantee value that must be met throughout the entire life cycle, guiding battery manufacturing enterprises to continue to make progress in battery safety design and production process control.
(4) The rules for sampling inspection of energy storage batteries have been clarified, providing a standard basis for conducting incoming sampling inspection of energy storage batteries. It is of great significance for improving the reliability of energy storage stations and reducing safety risks of energy storage stations.
3.Overall solution for the full process inspection and evaluation of lithium-ion battery energy storage
The safety and quality of energy storage power stations are inseparable. In recent years, the current situation of widespread safety hazards and quality problems in battery energy storage power stations is mainly reflected in the fact that key technical indicators such as actual available energy, actual service life, system energy efficiency, and continuous operation safety and reliability cannot meet the promised values. Ultimately, the reason lies in the inability to confirm the quality status of the main equipment and systems of energy storage power stations and the ambiguity of performance indicators. If the design and manufacturing technology level of core equipment such as energy storage batteries is not up to standard, the initial quality is not qualified, or the quality of energy storage batteries decays abnormally during the warranty period, failing to meet the safety technical requirements of the standard, then the safety risks and hidden dangers during the operation of electrochemical energy storage power plants are extremely high, Therefore, according to corresponding standards, the quality and safety inspection of lithium-ion battery energy storage equipment should run through all aspects of energy storage applications and cover different levels of equipment or system forms, and be interconnected to form a closed loop. Only in this way can the operational reliability of energy storage power plants be improved from the root and the safety risks of energy storage power plants be reduced.
Starting from the actual needs of electric energy storage applications and combining with deep research and accumulation of battery energy storage characteristics evaluation and testing technology, China Academy of Electrical Engineering has proposed a comprehensive solution for battery energy storage throughout the entire process of testing and evaluation, covering type testing, level evaluation, arrival sampling, grid connection testing, and operation assessment testing. Specifically, it is divided into three major processes: pre production, during production, and post production. Pre production includes type testing and level evaluation, which are used to verify whether equipment manufacturing enterprises have the ability to mass produce products that meet standard requirements and the level of technical proficiency; This includes receiving spot checks and grid connection testing, which are used to verify the consistency between the actual supply batch of products and the type test products in terms of key performance, as well as the consistency between the actual operating parameters of the battery and the testing parameters; Afterwards, it includes operational assessment to verify the attenuation of charging and discharging energy and efficiency during the operation of the battery energy storage system. Through this plan, it is possible to achieve closed-loop management of the entire chain of energy storage equipment on the grid side, power supply side, and user side involved in grid operation, guiding the energy storage industry towards a standardized, healthy, and sustainable development path that strictly implements energy storage standards.
3.1 Type test
Type testing is to verify the ability of manufacturing enterprises to develop, design, and manufacture products that meet standard technical requirements. Qualified type testing is the basic prerequisite and bottom line requirement for products to enter the market. The main objects of type testing include battery cells, battery modules, battery clusters, battery management systems, and energy storage converters. Type testing can provide users with comprehensive and accurate data support, provide unique and reliable standardized technical information for battery technology selection and equipment procurement review, and solve pain points such as insufficient effective information and information asymmetry in the application process of energy storage batteries. The standard for type testing of energy storage batteries is based on “Lithium ion batteries for electric energy storage” (GB/T 36276), the standard for type testing of battery management systems is based on “Battery Management Systems for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 34131-2023), and the standard for type testing of energy storage converters is based on “Technical Specification for Testing Energy Storage Converters” (GB/T 34133) and “Technical Specification for Energy Storage Converters for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems” (GB/T 34120).
3.2 Grade evaluation
The evaluation of product performance level is based on the passing of national standard type test inspection, combined with the form of random inspection of production line products by manufacturers. Based on the research and analysis of a large amount of energy storage battery product type test data, the key performance and technical indicators of energy storage batteries are identified. The quality and safety technical level of battery products are comprehensively presented and identified in the form of performance level classification combined with detailed performance data, Directly reflecting the differentiation of energy storage battery products in different dimensions of technical level. The objects of level evaluation mainly include battery cells, battery modules, battery clusters, battery management systems, energy storage converters, and battery energy storage systems. The evaluation of product performance level provides a more convenient technical tool to address the pain points of insufficient effective information, information asymmetry, and difficulty in technology comparison and screening in the application of energy storage batteries, guiding the upgrading and transformation of energy storage battery technology, and promoting the sustainable development of the battery energy storage industry.
3.3 Sampling inspection upon arrival
The arrival sampling inspection is to prevent products with poor quality control in actual supply batches from entering the energy storage engineering site. It is the most crucial part of the safety management of electrochemical energy storage power stations. The sampling inspection mainly targets core components such as energy storage batteries and their management systems that can directly affect the safe operation of electrochemical energy storage power stations. Specific products include battery cells, battery modules, battery management systems, etc.
Due to the particularity and complexity of energy storage batteries, it is necessary to conduct actual testing to ensure that the product quality of the actual supply batch meets the requirements, and to ensure that the core components of the battery cells, battery modules, and battery management systems that directly affect the safe operation of electrochemical energy storage power stations, such as the physical state, electrical performance, safety performance The consistency of working parameters and functions, as well as the promised warranty period, shall ensure that the energy storage battery meets all safety technical requirements of the standard. Due to the inability to achieve full inspection, random inspection is not omnipotent, but it can achieve the goal of providing feedback on standard requirements to product safety design and production quality control, and significantly reducing the probability of safety risks. The sampling test items and inspection rules for energy storage batteries and their management systems have been clearly defined in the revised “Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 36276) and the published “Battery Management System for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 34131-2023) national standards.
3.4 Grid connection detection
According to standards such as the “Technical Regulations for the Connection of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems to the Power Grid” (GB/T 36547) and the “Code for Testing the Connection of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems to the Power Grid” (GB/T 36548), it is necessary to verify the consistency between the actual operating parameter settings of the battery in the energy storage system and the corresponding working parameters recorded in the type test report as a prerequisite for grid connection testing, Confirm the quality and safety status of energy storage batteries at all levels, and on this basis, focus on verifying the commitment indicators of energy, efficiency, lifespan, safety, and whether the battery operating parameters comply with the step-by-step transmission of performance from component levels such as battery cells, battery modules, and battery clusters to the energy storage system/power station. Verify the adaptability of the energy storage system/power station to the power grid, power control, high and low voltage crossing, and power quality Whether the overall performance of the protection function, charging and discharging response time, charging and discharging adjustment time, charging and discharging conversion time, overall station energy and efficiency can meet the standard technical requirements and commitment values under the working parameters of batteries and other equipment recognized in the standard and agreed upon in the technology according to standard methods.
3.5 Operation assessment and testing
The prerequisite for the operation assessment and testing of battery energy storage power stations is to verify the consistency between the actual operating parameters of the battery and the type test parameters during the system operation. Based on this, it is necessary to verify whether the key indicators such as charge and discharge energy decay rate and energy efficiency of the battery energy storage power station meet relevant agreements. This is a key constraint for suppliers to actively ensure the quality and safety of the battery during the warranty period, directly affecting the integrated design and investment of the energy storage system.
4.Summary
This article first reviews the latest developments in standards related to energy storage lithium-ion batteries, and introduces the impact of various levels of battery energy storage systems on the overall quality and safety of battery energy storage power plants. Then, based on the core standard for lithium-ion battery energy storage, the characteristics and key content of the “Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Energy Storage” (GB/T 36276), as well as its role in industry development and the problems to be solved, are introduced in detail from two aspects: the content and function of the standard. Finally, a comprehensive solution for the detection and evaluation of the entire process of battery energy storage was proposed. The role of each link of the solution was introduced in detail from five aspects: type testing, level evaluation, arrival sampling, grid connection testing, and operation assessment testing. Through this solution, the closed-loop management of the entire chain of energy storage equipment related to grid operation, power supply side, and user side was achieved, Guide the energy storage industry towards a standardized, healthy and sustainable development path that strictly implements energy storage standards. With the expansion of battery energy storage power stations, the improvement of energy and voltage levels in energy storage systems, and the diversification of energy storage system application scenarios, these changes have put forward higher requirements for the technical level and safety of energy storage equipment. At present, the main standard for energy storage lithium-ion batteries is to evaluate the safety and quality status of energy storage equipment before operation. There is still a lack of good solutions for predicting the lifespan of energy storage battery systems after the operation of energy storage power stations, The overall safety and reliability evaluation technology of energy storage battery systems is still lacking, which is a hot and difficult issue in the industry and also a direction for the development and research of comprehensive performance evaluation of energy storage lithium-ion batteries in the future.