Abstract: With the continuous development of renewable energy, the new power system is facing unprecedented challenges. Energy storage, as a crucial flexible regulation resource, plays a significant role in enhancing the stability, flexibility, and economy of the power system. This paper summarizes the current research progress in energy storage planning methods for the new power system, analyzes the new challenges faced by energy storage planning, and proposes corresponding solutions. The paper emphasizes the importance of overall coordination, scenario-based planning, and the influence of diversified investment and operation entities, aiming to provide references for future research and practical applications.
Keywords: energy storage; new power system; planning method; renewable energy; flexible regulation
1. Introduction
The new power system, characterized by high penetration of renewable energy, decentralized generation, and smart grids, is bringing profound changes to the traditional power system. Energy storage, with its unique characteristics of storing and releasing energy, has become a key technology to support the stable operation and economic development of the new power system. Reasonable planning and configuration of energy storage can effectively improve the power system’s flexibility, reliability, and economy.
2. Current Research Status of Energy Storage Planning Methods
2.1 Overview
Energy storage planning in the new power system involves multiple aspects such as site selection, capacity configuration, operation mode, and benefit evaluation. Researchers have conducted extensive studies on these aspects, aiming to develop scientific and reasonable energy storage planning methods.
2.2 Planning Elements and Challenges
As shown in Table 1, energy storage planning elements include energy storage technologies, application scenarios, investment and operation entities, and benefits evaluation. With the development of the new power system, energy storage planning is facing new challenges, such as diversified investment and operation entities, complex application scenarios and operation modes, and diversified energy storage technologies.
Table 1. Changes in Energy Storage Planning Elements
| Planning Element | Traditional Power System | New Power System |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Storage Technology | Limited Types | Diversified Types |
| Application Scenario | Single | Complex and Diverse |
| Investment and Operation Entity | Monolithic | Diversified |
| Benefit Evaluation | Simple | Comprehensive |
3. New Challenges Faced by Energy Storage Planning
3.1 Diversified Investment and Operation Entities
With the increasing number of energy storage investment and operation entities, the planning and operation of energy storage have become more complex. Different entities have varying objectives and strategies, leading to challenges in coordinating and optimizing energy storage resources.
3.2 Complex Application Scenarios and Operation Modes
The new power system features decentralized generation, diverse loads, and smart grids, resulting in complex and diverse application scenarios and operation modes for energy storage. This complexity increases the difficulty of energy storage planning.
3.3 Diversified Energy Storage Technologies
The diversification of energy storage technologies brings both opportunities and challenges. Different technologies have varying characteristics, advantages, and application scenarios, requiring comprehensive consideration and scientific planning.
4. Proposed Energy Storage Planning Methods
4.1 Shared Energy Storage in Renewable Energy Gathering Areas
In renewable energy gathering areas, the shared energy storage architecture and revenue mechanism can effectively improve the utilization rate and economic benefits of energy storage. By coordinating and optimizing multiple energy storage resources, the overall flexibility and reliability of the power system can be enhanced.
4.2 Collaborative Planning with Transmission and Distribution Systems
Under full market competition, collaborative planning of energy storage with transmission and distribution systems is crucial. By considering the operation characteristics and constraints of the transmission and distribution systems, energy storage can be planned and configured to support the stable operation and economic development of the power system.
4.3 Planning under Multiple Energy Storage Cooperation/Competition
With the coexistence of multiple energy storage resources on the user side, cooperation and competition among them become inevitable. By analyzing the cooperation and competition relationships, scientific and reasonable energy storage planning methods can be developed to maximize the overall benefits.
5. Case Studies and Analysis
5.1 Case Study on User-Side Energy Storage Defensive Planning
By extracting extreme scenarios of different renewable energy penetration levels and analyzing the corresponding system states and load losses, a multi-stage, multi-regional, and multi-time-scale extreme scenario set was established. Based on this, defensive planning of user-side energy storage was conducted to enhance the power system’s resilience against extreme events.
5.2 Case Study on Shared Energy Storage Investment and Operation
Considering multiple planning scenarios, the investment and operation analysis of shared energy storage was conducted. The results showed that shared energy storage can significantly improve the utilization rate and economic benefits of energy storage resources, promoting the healthy and orderly development of the new power system.
6. Prospects and Suggestions
6.1 Overall Coordination of Different Development Stages
For energy storage planning in the new power system, overall coordination of different development stages is crucial. By considering the long-term development goals and strategies of the power system, scientific and reasonable energy storage planning methods can be developed to support the sustainable development of the new power system.
6.2 Influence of Diversified Investment and Operation Entities
The diversification of energy storage investment and operation entities will bring new challenges and opportunities to energy storage planning. By analyzing the game mechanisms among different entities, more effective energy storage planning methods can be proposed to maximize the overall benefits.
6.3 Transfer Learning Ability of Planning Schemes
With the continuous changes in the power system, the transfer learning ability of energy storage planning schemes is becoming increasingly important. By developing adaptive and intelligent planning methods, the energy storage planning schemes can be quickly adjusted and optimized to adapt to new challenges and opportunities.
7. Conclusion
Energy storage planning in the new power system is facing new challenges and opportunities. Based on the current research status, this paper analyzes the impact of new changes on energy storage planning methods and proposes corresponding solutions. By considering diversified investment and operation entities, complex application scenarios and operation modes, and diversified energy storage technologies, scientific and reasonable energy storage planning methods can be developed to support the stable operation and economic development of the new power system. Future research should focus on overall coordination, scenario-based planning, and the influence of diversified investment and operation entities, aiming to promote the sustainable development of the new power system.